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This remnant is not chosen on the basis of religion or race but rather on the basis of relationship to the resurrected Redeemer. by Arnold G. Fruchtenbaum. Holiness in the Old Testament: Relationship with the Transcendent. 11:17-24) The institution of the church, this new dispensation, did not replace Israel which is represented as the vine, but were grafted in to God's program for His coming Kingdom promised to the Jews. The government of Israel was originally a theocracy, eventually replaced by a theocratic-chosen king. The church, according to the New Testament, is the eschatological Israel incorporated in Jesus Messiah and, as such, is a progression beyond historical Israel ( 1 Cor 10:11; 2 Cor 5:14-21; etc For many “there is the settled conviction that the Israel of the Old Testament has been ‘replaced’ or ‘fulfilled’ in the Church of the New…but the Jewish nation as a whole is no longer God’s chosen people and must be regarded, treated and judged like any other. Woudstra doesn’t hold that the church replaces Israel, but rather that the church is God’s true people, beginning in the Old Testament. The relationship between Israel and Gentiles undergirds Konradt’s discussion about the church. Patterns of Disunity and DiscontinuityThe first major challenge to the unity of the Scripture came from a man by the name of Marcion, 2 who being influenced by Gnosticism stressed the total disunity between the Old Testament and the New Testament, between Israel and the Church, and between the God of the Old Testament and the Father of Jesus. Israel is, on the other hand, often used as a 'type' of the Church. The Lord’s bride, the image used in the Old Testament for Israel, is the church and will one day be defiled by her sin no longer but beautifully adorned for her husband (Rev. THE CHURCH AND ISRAEL 31 This dialectical relationship is not the re-sult of a confused insight, but springs from the essence of the matter in question.""' God chose the descendants of the godly Seth and showed Himself to all nations by the great wonders He did through Israel. The New Testament Church was very much involved with the vicissitudes of Israel. The Church was a new creation which began with the apostle Paul just as Israel was a new creation God revealed through Abraham. New Testament Acceptance of Old Testament teaching required unless specifically abrogated by New Testament. However, Woudstra does argue that there is, “a point where all Israel virtually ceases to be God’s people…Gentiles now fill up the ranks of all Israel” (p236). Speaking of Israel, he writes, “I ask, then, has God rejected his people? There are four key passages of the New Testament that speak concerning the relationship of the Church as the Bride of the Messiah. The word Gentiles is used to refer to those who are not Jews or of the literal “seed of Abraham.” In the Old Testament, God designed to separate His children from the wicked to maintain their purity so that they would be a good example to the world (). Matt. Most of Christendom has been taught that God’s purpose for national Israel … This new Israel, founded by Messiah, exists in spiritual continuity with the Old Testament saints and so counts as a “spiritual Israel.” It includes Gentiles who believe in the Messiah and so through baptism are spiritually circumcised (Col. 2:11–12) and are reckoned as spiritual Jews (Rom. Classical dispensational theology proposes a radical difference between Israel (the Jewish people) and the Church (New Testament believers in Christ). Personal relationship based on faithfulness was a ludicrous idea outside Israel. The church is the spiritual people of The Catholic Church has traditionally understood itself to be the new Israel (Catechism of the Catholic Church 877).Just as Israel was God’s people in the Old Testament, the Church is his people now, and to many in our culture, this sounds extremely arrogant and possibly even anti-Semitic. 2).The family concept in the Old Testament represented one of the most commonly used models, metaphors, or analogies to expiate in human way the unique relationship between God and Israel.2 (ii) New Testament The Greek term oikia, which means house or a … Covenant Theologians boldly state that the Church is the new Israel and sometimes make it sound as if that claim is an obvious foregone conclusion of the New Testament. 11:1a). The faithful remnant of Old Testament Israel and New Testament Christianity are together the one genuine seed of Abraham and thus heirs according to the promise. God needed a nation where he could preserve the witness he was accumulating about himself. Looking at Israel and the Church as two trees, God planted and tended to Israel, but she bore no fruit, so … We may now give short answers to the problems raised earlier (p. 28). S ome believe that the church has replaced Israel or is the “New Israel,” so is the church the New Israel?. No one can explain the phenomena of Israel and the Holy One of Israel adequately without realizing the fundamental distinctive of Yahweh's transcendence. In this way, Dispensationalists promote the disunity between Israel and the Church. Relationship Between Israel And The Church The church is spiritual Israel, in continuity with true Israel of Old Testament. It must be kept in mind, however, that the Church is pictured today as an engaged Bride who is not yet joined by marriage to her husband. This remnant is chosen not on the basis of religion or race but rather on the basis of relationship to the resurrected Redeemer. These years will include the tribulation. Indeed, the Law of Moses is very specific with regard to how men may approach God in worship. 2:26–29). The Espousal - … The church is not a replacement for Israel, rather it is a new group of people that emerges from Israel but also includes Gentiles (cf. Past Purpose: In the Old Testament the nation of Israel was both a spiritual and national entity. 21:43). Old Testament prescriptions are not binding unless reaffirmed in New Testament. Israel’s history which is in view in Daniel 9:24 (the 70 weeks or 490 years) involved animal sacrifices. They explain, “In the New Testament the word ‘Israel’ has been translated into ‘the Jewish people’, ‘the Jews’ or ‘the people’ because when the Greek text uses the word ‘Israel’ it is referring to a people with whom God has a special relationship - Jacob's descendants. Selected Answer: Tru e Question 18 2 out of 2 points God entered into a covenant with _____ promising to never again flood the entire earth. What role do the Ten Commandments play in the life and ministry of the New Testament church? Selected Answer: Noa h Question 19 2 out of 2 points Dispensational theology sees continuity among the Testaments. To avoid misunderstanding, in this document we have used the term "Israel" only when referring to the people in Old and New Testament times; no present-day political reference is intended or implied. There are about 77 instances in the New Testament where the words Israel or Israelite occur. The church, however, is not coterminous with Israel; discontinuity also characterizes the relationship. 21:2). The faithful remnant of Old Testament Israel and New Testament Christianity are together the one genuine seed of Abraham and thus heirs according to the promise. We will then compare and contrast these with the church in the New Testament. God’s purpose and program for the Church was not revealed in the Old Testament, but was revealed by the New Testament apostles and prophets (Eph. Jesus is an Israeli, as were all the apostles, and the concerns of Israel, spiritually and politically, were very much a … Cox even claimed that the two terms are used interchangeably. While the New Testament writers see the focus of Old Testament prophecy as related to things present and accomplished, Dispensationalists state that prophecy centrally relates to the future glory of national Israel and not the Church age (Zens 2005b). Relationship Between Church and State. In this lesson, we only have time to selectively consider a handful of portraits related to Israel’s relationship to God. Discontinuity between the Church and Israel. By no means!” (Rom. Like the doctrine of the Fall, the subject of the "New Covenant" is a 'watershed' issue in both Christendom and among truly born-again Christians. The Use of Israel in the New Testament. Israel’s Relationship to God at Mount Sinai relationship of Israel in the Old Testament to the church in the New Testament. 3:5). Today the church has the opportunity to receive the blessings of the contract (God’s blessings). In order to understand the relationship between Israel and the church as described in the New Testament, we will need to look at the question in the context of the different answers Christians have given over the years. As discussed, Israel failed and broke the contract, and so in the New Testament era the contract was offered to Gentiles – namely the church. The subject of Israel's New Covenant, and the erroneous notion of its relationship to the New Creation Christian and the Body of Christ--the Church, remains a hot topic in dispensational circles. A close examination of these instances reveals that the apostles never used Israel as a synonym for the Church. Israelite Feast Days. Micah in Buffalo, New York: “Hello, Pastor John! Each entity–Israel and the Church–has its own destiny and purpose. If these commandments were part of God’s conditional covenant with the nation of Israel, which was broken, is there any abiding use of these commands in evangelism or moral instruction?” The sign of this covenant was a rainbow. In this new dispensation God was grafting in a people with a special relationship to Christ which would be mainly made up of Gentiles.(Rom. The relationship of the New Testament Church (Greek ekklesia) to the congregation of Israel in the Old Testament can be better understood when we learn the different interpretations placed on the two Hebrew words for "congregation": 'edah and qahal.. Nor does the phrase 'the new Israel' occur anywhere in the New Testament. "The New Testament consistently differentiates between Israel and the church," claims Arnold Fruchtenbaum.1 Fruchtenbaum supports this conclusion through a powerful twofold argument in which he first demonstrates the biblical view of Israel and secondly, by showing that the church is viewed in the New Testament as a separate entity.

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